Gsm Вђ“ Architecture, Protocols And Services -

GSM uses a layered protocol structure for communication between the mobile station and the network:

Manages call control (CC), Short Message Service (SMS), and supplementary services. Services and Security

Handles authentication, security, and location tracking. GSM – Architecture, Protocols and Services

Verifies user identities and provides security keys for encryption.

Support for data transmission, originally limited to 9.6 kbps but later improved through upgrades like GPRS and EDGE . GSM uses a layered protocol structure for communication

The GSM network architecture is divided into three primary subsystems that manage communication, switching, and operations:

Uses modified versions of LAPD (called LAP-Dm) for the air interface and SS7 protocols (MTP) for the network interface. Layer 3 (Network): Divided into three sublayers: Short Message Service (SMS)

A temporary database storing information for subscribers currently roaming in its area.