The core of the "Power and Interdependence" framework, pioneered by Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye , suggests that the traditional "Realist" view of international relations—where states are the only actors and military force is the primary currency of power—is increasingly insufficient in a globalised world. I. The Shift to Complex Interdependence
: A state's ability to adjust and find alternatives over time. If a country can easily switch to solar power when oil prices rise, it is sensitive but not highly vulnerable. Bargaining Power Power & Interdependence
Power can be exercised by setting the (deciding what gets talked about) rather than just winning an argument. III. The Role of International Regimes The core of the "Power and Interdependence" framework,
: How quickly and intensely changes in one country affect another. For example, a sudden rise in oil prices immediately impacts all importing nations. If a country can easily switch to solar
: Among modern, industrialised democracies, the cost of using force is high and its utility for solving economic or ecological problems is low. II. Power in an Interdependent World
These institutions help and make cooperation more predictable.
The less-dependent state often has more in negotiations.