Heat is measured in Scoville Heat Units (SHU). For context, a jalapeño is roughly 2,500–8,000 SHU, while a Carolina Reaper can exceed 2 million SHU.

Watch these videos to see the science of spice in action and how the pros handle the world's hottest food challenges:

Starches like bread, rice, or potatoes can help soak up the oily capsaicin and physically block receptors.

Cold water. It only spreads the oily capsaicin around your mouth, often making the burn worse.

If you find yourself in a "Spicy Stuff" situation where the heat is too much, here is what works: