Ultras

In the world of sports, an "Ultra" is any race longer than a standard 42.195 km (26.2 mile) marathon, with common distances being 50 km, 100 km, and 100 miles [3, 12, 17].

Matchdays are defined by Tifos —massive, hand-crafted banners and mosaics—flares, constant chanting, and synchronized drums [5, 11, 23]. Ultras

While often associated with hooliganism or violence in the media, many groups act as surrogate families, offering a sense of belonging in atomized societies [16, 23]. In the world of sports, an "Ultra" is